From eb899906f93b0ab19a2ace3fa7f46afba24b27bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: same mf who else <AAAAA@AAAAA.AAAAA>
Date: Sat, 21 Mar 2026 17:35:31 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] 13e woo

---
 src/color.rs |  28 ++-
 src/draw.rs  | 501 ++-------------------------------------------------
 src/lang.rs  |   5 +-
 src/lib.rs   |   1 +
 src/play.rs  |   4 +-
 src/space.rs | 385 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/term.rs  | 287 +++++++++++++----------------
 src/text.rs  | 144 +++++++--------
 8 files changed, 627 insertions(+), 728 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/space.rs

diff --git a/src/color.rs b/src/color.rs
index d1e7889..50f1eed 100644
--- a/src/color.rs
+++ b/src/color.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 use ::ratatui::style::Color;
 use crate::lang::impl_from;
-pub(crate) use ::palette::{Okhsl, Srgb, OklabHue, okhsl::UniformOkhsl};
+pub(crate) use ::palette::{
+    Okhsl, Srgb, OklabHue, Mix, okhsl::UniformOkhsl,
+    convert::{FromColor, FromColorUnclamped}
+};
+use rand::distributions::uniform::UniformSampler;
 
 pub fn rgb (r: u8, g: u8, b: u8) -> ItemColor { todo!(); }
 
@@ -26,13 +30,17 @@ pub trait HasColor { fn color (&self) -> ItemColor; }
     }
 }
 
-pub struct ItemColor {}
-impl_from!(ItemColor: |rgb: Color|        Self { rgb, okhsl: rgb_to_okhsl(rgb) });
-impl_from!(ItemColor: |okhsl: Okhsl<f32>| Self { okhsl, rgb: okhsl_to_rgb(okhsl) });
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default)]
+pub struct ItemColor {
+    term: Color,
+    okhsl: Okhsl<f32>
+}
+impl_from!(ItemColor: |term: Color|       Self { term, okhsl: rgb_to_okhsl(term)  });
+impl_from!(ItemColor: |okhsl: Okhsl<f32>| Self { okhsl, term: okhsl_to_rgb(okhsl) });
 // A single color within item theme parameters, in OKHSL and RGB representations.
 impl ItemColor {
-    #[cfg(feature = "tui")] pub const fn from_tui (rgb: Color) -> Self {
-        Self { rgb, okhsl: Okhsl::new_const(OklabHue::new(0.0), 0.0, 0.0) }
+    #[cfg(feature = "term")] pub const fn from_tui (term: Color) -> Self {
+        Self { term, okhsl: Okhsl::new_const(OklabHue::new(0.0), 0.0, 0.0) }
     }
     pub fn random () -> Self {
         let mut rng = ::rand::thread_rng();
@@ -67,8 +75,8 @@ pub struct ItemTheme {
 impl_from!(ItemTheme: |base: ItemColor|   Self::from_item_color(base));
 impl_from!(ItemTheme: |base: Color|       Self::from_tui_color(base));
 impl ItemTheme {
-    #[cfg(feature = "tui")] pub const G: [Self;256] = {
-        let mut builder = konst::array::ArrayBuilder::new();
+    #[cfg(feature = "term")] pub const G: [Self;256] = {
+        let mut builder = dizzle::konst::array::ArrayBuilder::new();
         while !builder.is_full() {
             let index    = builder.len() as u8;
             let light    = (index as f64 * 1.15) as u8;
@@ -96,7 +104,7 @@ impl ItemTheme {
     pub const G00: Self = {
         let color: ItemColor = ItemColor {
             okhsl: Okhsl { hue: OklabHue::new(0.0), lightness: 0.0, saturation: 0.0 },
-            rgb: Color::Rgb(0, 0, 0)
+            term: Color::Rgb(0, 0, 0)
         };
         Self {
             base:     color,
@@ -108,7 +116,7 @@ impl ItemTheme {
             darkest:  color,
         }
     };
-    #[cfg(feature = "tui")] pub fn from_tui_color (base: Color) -> Self {
+    #[cfg(feature = "term")] pub fn from_tui_color (base: Color) -> Self {
         Self::from_item_color(ItemColor::from_tui(base))
     }
     pub fn from_item_color (base: ItemColor) -> Self {
diff --git a/src/draw.rs b/src/draw.rs
index 8033666..3eadbf1 100644
--- a/src/draw.rs
+++ b/src/draw.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::{*, lang::*, color::*};
+use crate::{*, lang::*, color::*, space::*};
 
 /// Drawable that supports dynamic dispatch.
 ///
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use crate::{*, lang::*, color::*};
 /// impl Screen for TestScreen { type Unit = u16; }
 /// struct TestWidget(bool);
 /// impl Draw<TestScreen> for TestWidget {
-///     fn draw (&self, screen: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
+///     fn draw (&self, screen: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
 ///         screen.0 |= self.0;
 ///     }
 /// }
@@ -18,45 +18,45 @@ use crate::{*, lang::*, color::*};
 /// TestWidget(false).draw(&mut screen);
 /// ```
 pub trait Draw<T: Screen> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>>;
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>>;
 }
 impl<T: Screen> Draw<T> for () {
-    fn draw (&self, __: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
+    fn draw (&self, __: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
         Ok(Default::default())
     }
 }
 impl<T: Screen, D: Draw<T>> Draw<T> for &D {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
         (*self).draw(to)
     }
 }
 impl<T: Screen, D: Draw<T>> Draw<T> for Arc<D> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
         (**self).draw(to)
     }
 }
 impl<T: Screen, D: Draw<T>> Draw<T> for RwLock<D> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
         self.read().unwrap().draw(to)
     }
 }
 impl<T: Screen, D: Draw<T>> Draw<T> for Option<D> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
-        self.map(|draw|draw.draw(to)).transpose()?.flatten()
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
+        Ok(self.as_ref().map(|draw|draw.draw(to)).transpose()?.unwrap_or_default())
     }
 }
 
 /// Because we can't implement [Draw] for `F: FnOnce...` without conflicts.
-pub struct Thunk<T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<WH<T::Unit>>>(
+pub struct Thunk<T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>>>(
     pub F,
     std::marker::PhantomData<T>
 );
-pub const fn thunk <T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<WH<T::Unit>>> (draw: F) -> Thunk<T, F> {
+pub const fn thunk <T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>>> (draw: F) -> Thunk<T, F> {
     Thunk(draw, std::marker::PhantomData)
 }
-impl<T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<WH<T::Unit>>> Draw<T> for Thunk<T, F> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<WH<T::Unit>> {
-        (self.0)(to)
+impl<T: Screen, F: FnOnce(&mut T)->Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>>> Draw<T> for Thunk<T, F> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut T) -> Usually<XYWH<T::Unit>> {
+        (&self.0)(to)
     }
 }
 
@@ -82,447 +82,6 @@ pub const fn either <T: Screen> (condition: bool, a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<
     thunk(move|to: &mut T|if condition { a.draw(to) } else { b.draw(to) })
 }
 
-/// Something that has `[0, 0]` at a particular point.
-pub trait HasOrigin {
-    fn origin (&self) -> Origin;
-}
-impl<T: AsRef<Origin>> HasOrigin for T {
-    fn origin (&self) -> Origin { self.as_ref() }
-}
-
-/// Where is [0, 0] located?
-///
-/// ```
-/// use tengri::draw::Origin;
-/// let _ = Origin::NW.align(())
-/// ```
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))]
-#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default)] pub enum Origin {
-    #[default] C, X, Y, NW, N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W
-}
-impl Origin {
-    pub fn align <T: Screen> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        align(*self, a)
-    }
-}
-
-/// ```
-/// use tengri::draw::{align, Origin::*};
-/// let _ = align(NW, "test");
-/// let _ = align(SE, "test");
-/// ```
-pub fn align <T: Screen> (origin: Origin, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    thunk(move|to: &mut T| { todo!() })
-}
-
-/// A numeric type that can be used as coordinate.
-///
-/// FIXME: Replace with `num` crate?
-/// FIXME: Use AsRef/AsMut?
-///
-/// ```
-/// use tengri::draw::Coord;
-/// let a: u16 = Coord::zero();
-/// let b: u16 = a.plus(1);
-/// let c: u16 = a.minus(2);
-/// let d = a.atomic();
-/// ```
-pub trait Coord: Send + Sync + Copy
-    + Add<Self, Output=Self>
-    + Sub<Self, Output=Self>
-    + Mul<Self, Output=Self>
-    + Div<Self, Output=Self>
-    + Ord + PartialEq + Eq
-    + Debug + Display + Default
-    + From<u16> + Into<u16>
-    + Into<usize>
-    + Into<f64>
-    + std::iter::Step
-{
-    /// Zero in own type.
-    fn zero () -> Self { 0.into() }
-    /// Addition.
-    fn plus (self, other: Self) -> Self;
-    /// Saturating subtraction.
-    fn minus  (self, other: Self) -> Self { if self >= other { self - other } else { 0.into() } }
-    /// Convert to [AtomicUsize].
-    fn atomic (self) -> AtomicUsize { AtomicUsize::new(self.into()) }
-}
-
-/// A cardinal direction.
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))]
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug, Default)] pub enum Split {
-    North, South, East, West, Above, #[default] Below
-}
-
-pub const fn east <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::East.half(a, b)
-}
-pub const fn north <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::North.half(a, b)
-}
-pub const fn west <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::West.half(a, b)
-}
-pub const fn south <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::South.half(a, b)
-}
-pub const fn above <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::Above.half(a, b)
-}
-pub const fn below <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-    Split::Below.half(a, b)
-}
-impl Split {
-    /// ```
-    /// use tengri::draw::Split::*;
-    /// let _ = Above.bsp((), ());
-    /// let _ = Below.bsp((), ());
-    /// let _ = North.bsp((), ());
-    /// let _ = South.bsp((), ());
-    /// let _ = East.bsp((), ());
-    /// let _ = West.bsp((), ());
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn half <T: Screen> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|{
-            let (area_a, area_b) = to.xywh().split_half(self);
-            let (origin_a, origin_b) = self.origins();
-            match self {
-                Self::Below => {
-                    to.place(area_b, &origin_b.align(b));
-                    to.place(area_a, &origin_a.align(a));
-                },
-                _ => {
-                    to.place(area_a, &origin_a.align(a));
-                    to.place(area_b, &origin_b.align(b));
-                }
-            }
-            Ok(to.wh()) // FIXME: compute and return actually used area
-        })
-    }
-    /// Newly split areas begin at the center of the split
-    /// to maintain centeredness in the user's field of view.
-    ///
-    /// Use [align] to override that and always start
-    /// at the top, bottom, etc.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// /*
-    ///
-    ///  Split east:   Split south:
-    ///  |    |    |   |    A    |
-    ///  | <-A|B-> |   |---------|
-    ///  |    |    |   |    B    |
-    ///
-    /// */
-    /// ```
-    const fn origins (&self) -> (Origin, Origin) {
-        use Origin::*;
-        match self {
-            Self::South => (S, N),
-            Self::East  => (E, W),
-            Self::North => (N, S),
-            Self::West  => (W, E),
-            Self::Above    => (C, C),
-            Self::Below  => (C, C),
-        }
-    }
-    /// Iterate over a collection of renderables:
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// use tengri::draw::{Origin::*, Split::*};
-    /// let _ = Below.iter([
-    ///   NW.align(W(15).max(W(10).min("Leftbar"))),
-    ///   NE.align(W(12).max(W(10).min("Rightbar"))),
-    ///   Center.align(W(40).max(H(20.max("Center"))))
-    /// ].iter(), |x|x);
-    /// ```
-    pub fn iter <T: Screen, U: Draw<T>, F: Fn(U)->dyn Draw<T>> (
-        _items: impl Iterator<Item = U>, _cb: F
-    ) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        thunk(move|_to: &mut T|{ todo!() })
-    }
-}
-
-/// Coordinate along horizontal axis.
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default)] pub struct X<N: Coord>(pub N);
-impl<N: Coord> X<N> {
-    pub const fn push <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-    pub const fn pull <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-}
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default)] pub struct W<N: Coord>(pub N);
-impl<N: Coord> W<N> {
-    pub const fn max <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::max(w, None, a)
-    }
-    pub const fn min <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::min(w, None, a)
-    }
-    pub const fn exact <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: T::Unit, c: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::exact(Some(w), None, c)
-    }
-    /// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let padded = tengri::W(3).pad("Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn pad <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, draw: impl Draw<T>)
-        -> impl Draw<T>
-    {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-}
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default)] pub struct Y<N: Coord>(pub N);
-impl<N: Coord> Y<N> {
-    pub const fn push <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-    pub const fn pull <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-}
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default)] pub struct H<N: Coord>(pub N);
-impl<N: Coord> H<N> {
-    pub const fn max <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (h: Option<N>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::max(None, h, a)
-    }
-    pub const fn min <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (h: Option<N>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::min(None, h, a)
-    }
-    pub const fn exact <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (h: T::Unit, c: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        WH::exact(None, Some(h), c)
-    }
-    /// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let padded = tengri::W::pad(3, "Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn pad <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (x: N, draw: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-}
-/// An origin point (X, Y).
-///
-/// ```
-/// let xy = tengri::XY(0u16, 0);
-/// ```
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))] #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
-pub struct XY<C: Coord>(pub C, pub C);
-impl<N: Coord> HasX<N> for XY<N> { fn x (&self) -> X<N> { X(self.0) } }
-impl<N: Coord> HasY<N> for XY<N> { fn y (&self) -> Y<N> { Y(self.1) } }
-impl<N: Coord> XY<N> {
-    pub const fn push <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-    pub const fn pull <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        a
-    }
-}
-/// A size (Width, Height).
-///
-/// ```
-/// let wh = tengri::WH(0u16, 0);
-/// ```
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))] #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
-pub struct WH<C: Coord>(pub C, pub C);
-impl<N: Coord> HasW<N> for WH<N> { fn w (&self) -> W<N> { W(self.0) } }
-impl<N: Coord> HasH<N> for WH<N> { fn h (&self) -> H<N> { H(self.1) } }
-impl<N: Coord> WH<N> {
-    /// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let padded = tengri::WH(3, 5).pad("Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn pad <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (&self, draw: impl Draw<T>)
-        -> impl Draw<T>
-    {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-
-    /// Only draw content if area is above a certain size.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let min = tengri::WH::min(3, 5, "Hello"); // 5x5
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn min <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, h: Option<N>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
-        -> impl Draw<T>
-    {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-
-    /// Set the maximum width and/or height of the content.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let max = tengri::WH::max(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn max <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, h: Option<N>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
-        -> impl Draw<T>
-    {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-
-    /// Set the maximum width and/or height of the content.
-    ///
-    /// ```
-    /// let exact = tengri::WH::exact(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn exact <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, h: Option<N>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
-        -> impl Draw<T>
-    {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-
-    /// Limit size of drawing area
-    /// ```
-    /// let clipped = tengri::WH::clip(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
-    /// ```
-    pub const fn clip <T: Screen<Unit = N>> (w: Option<N>, h: Option<N>, draw: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
-        thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
-    }
-}
-/// Point with size.
-///
-/// ```
-/// let xywh = tengri::XYWH(0u16, 0, 0, 0);
-/// assert_eq!(tengri::XYWH(10u16, 10, 20, 20).center(), tengri::XY(20, 20));
-/// ```
-///
-/// * [ ] TODO: origin field (determines at which corner/side is X0 Y0)
-///
-#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))] #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
-pub struct XYWH<C: Coord>(pub C, pub C, pub C, pub C);
-impl<N: Coord> HasX<N> for XYWH<N> { fn x (&self) -> X<N> { X(self.0) } }
-impl<N: Coord> HasY<N> for XYWH<N> { fn y (&self) -> Y<N> { Y(self.1) } }
-impl<N: Coord> HasW<N> for XYWH<N> { fn w (&self) -> W<N> { W(self.2) } }
-impl<N: Coord> HasH<N> for XYWH<N> { fn h (&self) -> H<N> { H(self.3) } }
-impl<N: Coord> XYWH<N> {
-    pub fn zero () -> Self {
-        Self(0.into(), 0.into(), 0.into(), 0.into())
-    }
-    pub fn center (&self) -> XY<N> {
-        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
-        XY(x.plus(w/2.into()), y.plus(h/2.into()))
-    }
-    pub fn centered (&self) -> XY<N> {
-        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
-        XY(x.minus(w/2.into()), y.minus(h/2.into()))
-    }
-    pub fn centered_x (&self, n: N) -> Self {
-        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
-        let x_center = (x.plus(w / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
-        let y_center = y.plus(h / 2.into());
-        XYWH(x_center, y_center, n, 1.into())
-    }
-    pub fn centered_y (&self, n: N) -> Self {
-        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
-        let x_center = x.plus(w / 2.into());
-        let y_corner = (y.plus(h / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
-        XYWH(x_center, y_corner, 1.into(), n)
-    }
-    pub fn centered_xy (&self, [n, m]: [N;2]) -> Self {
-        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
-        let x_center = (x.plus(w / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
-        let y_corner = (y.plus(h / 2.into())).minus(m / 2.into());
-        XYWH(x_center, y_corner, n, m)
-    }
-    pub fn split_half (&self, direction: &Split) -> (Self, Self) {
-        use Split::*;
-        let XYWH(x, y, w, h) = self.xywh();
-        match self {
-            South => (XYWH(x, y, w, h - h / 2), XYWH(x, y + h / 2, w, h / 2)),
-            East  => (XYWH(x, y, w - w / 2, h), XYWH(x + w / 2, y, w / 2, h)),
-            North => (XYWH(x, y + h / 2, w, h - h / 2), XYWH(x, y, w, h / 2)),
-            West  => (XYWH(x + w / 2, y, w - w / 2, h), XYWH(x, y, w / 2, h)),
-            Above | Below => (XYWH(x, y, w, h), XYWH(x, y, w, h))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait HasXYWH<N: Coord>: HasXY<N> + HasWH<N> {
-    fn xywh (&self) -> XYWH<N>;
-}
-pub trait HasXY<N: Coord>: HasX<N> + HasY<N> {
-    fn xy (&self) -> XY<N>;
-}
-pub trait HasWH<N: Coord>: HasX<N> + HasY<N> {
-    fn wh (&self) -> WH<N>;
-}
-pub trait HasX<N: Coord> {
-    fn x (&self) -> X<N>;
-    fn iter_x (&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = N> where Self: HasW<N> + HasOrigin {
-        self.x_west()..self.x_east()
-    }
-    fn x_west (&self) -> N where Self: HasW<N> + HasOrigin {
-        use Origin::*;
-        let w = self.w();
-        let a = self.origin();
-        let d = match a { NW|W|SW => 0.into(), N|X|C|Y|S => w/2.into(), NE|E|SE => w };
-        self.x().minus(d)
-    }
-    fn x_east (&self) -> N where Self: HasW<N> + HasOrigin {
-        use Origin::*;
-        let w = self.w();
-        let a = self.origin();
-        let d = match a { NW|W|SW => w, N|X|C|Y|S => w/2.into(), NE|E|SE => 0.into() };
-        self.x().plus(d)
-    }
-    fn x_center (&self) -> N where Self: HasW<N> + HasOrigin {
-        todo!()
-    }
-}
-pub trait HasY<N: Coord> {
-    fn y (&self) -> Y<N>;
-    fn iter_y (&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = N> where Self: HasH<N> + HasOrigin {
-        self.y_north()..self.y_south()
-    }
-    fn y_north (&self) -> N where Self: HasH<N> + HasOrigin {
-        let a = self.origin();
-        let h = self.h();
-        use Origin::*;
-        let d = match a { NW|N|NE => 0.into(), W|X|C|Y|E => h/2.into(), SW|S|SE => h };
-        self.y().minus(d)
-    }
-    fn y_south (&self) -> N where Self: HasH<N> + HasOrigin  {
-        let a = self.origin();
-        let h = self.h();
-        use Origin::*;
-        let d = match a { NW|N|NE => h, W|X|C|Y|E => h/2.into(), SW|S|SE => 0.into() };
-        self.y().plus(d)
-    }
-    fn y_center (&self) -> N where Self: HasH<N> + HasOrigin {
-        todo!()
-    }
-}
-pub trait HasW<N: Coord> {
-    fn w (&self) -> W<N>;
-    fn w_min (&self) -> W<N> { self.w() }
-    fn w_max (&self) -> W<N> { self.w() }
-}
-pub trait HasH<N: Coord> {
-    fn h (&self) -> H<N>;
-    fn h_min (&self) -> H<N> { self.h() }
-    fn h_max (&self) -> H<N> { self.h() }
-}
-impl<N: Coord, T: AsRef<X<N>>> HasX<N> for T {
-    fn x (&self) -> X<N> { *self.as_ref() }
-}
-impl<N: Coord, T: AsRef<X<N>>> HasY<N> for T {
-    fn y (&self) -> Y<N> { *self.as_ref() }
-}
-impl<N: Coord, T: HasX<N> + HasY<N>> HasXY<N> for T {
-    fn xy (&self) -> XY<N> { XY(self.x(), self.y()) }
-}
-impl<N: Coord, T: HasX<N> + HasY<N>> HasWH<N> for T {
-    fn wh (&self) -> WH<N> { WH(self.x(), self.h()) }
-}
-impl<N: Coord, T: HasXY<N> + HasWH<N>> HasXYWH<N> for T {
-    fn xywh (&self) -> XYWH<N> { XYWH(self.x(), self.y(), self.w(), self.h()) }
-}
-
 /// Output target.
 ///
 /// ```
@@ -539,38 +98,18 @@ impl<N: Coord, T: HasXY<N> + HasWH<N>> HasXYWH<N> for T {
 /// }
 ///
 /// impl Draw<Screen> for String {
-///     fn draw (&self, to: &mut TestOut) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
+///     fn draw (&self, to: &mut TestOut) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
 ///         to.area_mut().set_w(self.len() as u16);
 ///     }
 /// }
 /// ```
-pub trait Screen: HasXYWH<Self::Unit> + HasOrigin +  Send + Sync + Sized {
+pub trait Screen: Space<Self::Unit> + Send + Sync + Sized {
     type Unit: Coord;
     /// Render drawable in area specified by `area`
-    fn place <'t, T: Draw<Self> + ?Sized> (&mut self, area: impl HasWH<Self::Unit>, content: &'t T) {
+    fn place <'t, T: Draw<Self> + ?Sized> (
+        &mut self, content: &'t T, area: Option<XYWH<Self::Unit>>
+    ) {
+        let area = area.unwrap_or_else(||self.xywh());
         unimplemented!()
     }
 }
-
-/// Something that has a [Measure] of its rendered size.
-pub trait Measured <N: Coord> {}
-
-/// Something that has a bounding box
-///
-/// ```
-/// use tengri::{Bounded, XYWH};
-/// let bounded: Bounded<tengri::Tui, _> = Bounded(0, 0 ,0 ,0 ,"");
-/// ```
-pub trait Bounding <N: Coord>: HasXY<N> + HasWH<N> + HasOrigin {
-}
-
-//impl<O: Screen, T: Draw<O>> Draw<O> for Bounded<O, T> {
-    //fn draw (&self, to: &mut O) {
-        //let area = to.area();
-        //*to.area_mut() = self.0;
-        //self.1.draw(to);
-        //*to.area_mut() = area;
-    //}
-//}
-
-// pub fn displace ...
diff --git a/src/lang.rs b/src/lang.rs
index 54aa0c2..8266bae 100644
--- a/src/lang.rs
+++ b/src/lang.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#[cfg(feature = "tui")] impl TuiKey {
-
+#[cfg(feature = "term")]
+impl crate::term::TuiKey {
     #[cfg(feature = "lang")]
     pub fn from_dsl (dsl: impl Language) -> Usually<Self> {
         if let Some(word) = dsl.word()? {
@@ -37,5 +37,4 @@
             return Err(format!("TuiKey: unspecified").into())
         }
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index 2fad25c..76e268b 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ pub(crate) use ::{
 #[cfg(feature = "sing")] pub use ::jack::{*, contrib::{*, ClosureProcessHandler}};
 
 #[cfg(feature = "draw")] pub mod draw;
+#[cfg(feature = "draw")] pub mod space;
 #[cfg(feature = "draw")] pub mod color;
 #[cfg(feature = "text")] pub mod text;
 #[cfg(feature = "term")] pub mod term;
diff --git a/src/play.rs b/src/play.rs
index b608106..80115d6 100644
--- a/src/play.rs
+++ b/src/play.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::{*, time::*, lang::*};
 use ::std::{thread::JoinHandle, time::Duration};
-#[cfg(feature = "tui")] use ::crossterm::event::poll;
+#[cfg(feature = "term")] use ::crossterm::event::poll;
 
 #[derive(Clone)] pub struct Exit(Arc<AtomicBool>);
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ impl Thread {
 
     /// Spawn a thread that uses [crossterm::event::poll]
     /// to run `call` every `time` msec.
-    #[cfg(feature = "tui")]pub fn new_poll <F> (
+    #[cfg(feature = "term")]pub fn new_poll <F> (
         exit: Arc<AtomicBool>, time: Duration, call: F
     ) -> Result<Self, std::io::Error>
         where F: Fn(&PerfModel)->() + Send + Sync + 'static
diff --git a/src/space.rs b/src/space.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3a2058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/space.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
+use crate::{*, draw::*};
+
+/// Point with size.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let xywh = tengri::XYWH(0u16, 0, 0, 0);
+/// assert_eq!(tengri::XYWH(10u16, 10, 20, 20).center(), tengri::XY(20, 20));
+/// ```
+///
+/// * [ ] TODO: origin field (determines at which corner/side is X0 Y0)
+///
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))] #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]
+pub struct XYWH<N: Coord>(pub N, pub N, pub N, pub N);
+impl<N: Coord> X<N> for XYWH<N> { fn x (&self) -> N { self.0 } fn w (&self) -> N { self.2 } }
+impl<N: Coord> Y<N> for XYWH<N> { fn y (&self) -> N { self.0 } fn h (&self) -> N { self.2 } }
+impl<N: Coord> XYWH<N> {
+    pub fn zero () -> Self {
+        Self(0.into(), 0.into(), 0.into(), 0.into())
+    }
+    pub fn center (&self) -> (N, N) {
+        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
+        (x.plus(w/2.into()), y.plus(h/2.into()))
+    }
+    pub fn centered (&self) -> (N, N) {
+        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
+        (x.minus(w/2.into()), y.minus(h/2.into()))
+    }
+    pub fn centered_x (&self, n: N) -> Self {
+        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
+        let x_center = (x.plus(w / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
+        let y_center = y.plus(h / 2.into());
+        XYWH(x_center, y_center, n, 1.into())
+    }
+    pub fn centered_y (&self, n: N) -> Self {
+        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
+        let x_center = x.plus(w / 2.into());
+        let y_corner = (y.plus(h / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
+        XYWH(x_center, y_corner, 1.into(), n)
+    }
+    pub fn centered_xy (&self, [n, m]: [N;2]) -> Self {
+        let Self(x, y, w, h) = *self;
+        let x_center = (x.plus(w / 2.into())).minus(n / 2.into());
+        let y_corner = (y.plus(h / 2.into())).minus(m / 2.into());
+        XYWH(x_center, y_corner, n, m)
+    }
+    pub fn split_half (&self, direction: &Split) -> (Self, Self) {
+        use Split::*;
+        let XYWH(x, y, w, h) = self.xywh();
+        match direction {
+            South => (XYWH(x, y, w, h - h / 2.into()), XYWH(x, y + h / 2.into(), w, h / 2.into())),
+            East  => (XYWH(x, y, w - w / 2.into(), h), XYWH(x + w / 2.into(), y, w / 2.into(), h)),
+            North => (XYWH(x, y + h / 2.into(), w, h - h / 2.into()), XYWH(x, y, w, h / 2.into())),
+            West  => (XYWH(x + w / 2.into(), y, w - w / 2.into(), h), XYWH(x, y, w / 2.into(), h)),
+            Above | Below => (XYWH(x, y, w, h), XYWH(x, y, w, h))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Something that has `[0, 0]` at a particular point.
+pub trait HasOrigin {
+    fn origin (&self) -> Origin;
+}
+impl<T: AsRef<Origin>> HasOrigin for T {
+    fn origin (&self) -> Origin { *self.as_ref() }
+}
+
+/// Where is [0, 0] located?
+///
+/// ```
+/// use tengri::draw::Origin;
+/// let _ = Origin::NW.align(())
+/// ```
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Default)] pub enum Origin {
+    #[default] C, X, Y, NW, N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W
+}
+impl Origin {
+    pub fn align <T: Screen> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+        align(*self, a)
+    }
+}
+
+/// ```
+/// use tengri::draw::{align, Origin::*};
+/// let _ = align(NW, "test");
+/// let _ = align(SE, "test");
+/// ```
+pub fn align <T: Screen> (origin: Origin, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T| { todo!() })
+}
+
+/// A numeric type that can be used as coordinate.
+///
+/// FIXME: Replace with `num` crate?
+/// FIXME: Use AsRef/AsMut?
+///
+/// ```
+/// use tengri::draw::Coord;
+/// let a: u16 = Coord::zero();
+/// let b: u16 = a.plus(1);
+/// let c: u16 = a.minus(2);
+/// let d = a.atomic();
+/// ```
+pub trait Coord: Send + Sync + Copy
+    + Add<Self, Output=Self>
+    + Sub<Self, Output=Self>
+    + Mul<Self, Output=Self>
+    + Div<Self, Output=Self>
+    + Ord + PartialEq + Eq
+    + Debug + Display + Default
+    + From<u16> + Into<u16>
+    + Into<usize>
+    + Into<f64>
+    + std::iter::Step
+{
+    /// Zero in own type.
+    fn zero () -> Self { 0.into() }
+    /// Addition.
+    fn plus (self, other: Self) -> Self;
+    /// Saturating subtraction.
+    fn minus  (self, other: Self) -> Self { if self >= other { self - other } else { 0.into() } }
+    /// Convert to [AtomicUsize].
+    fn atomic (self) -> AtomicUsize { AtomicUsize::new(self.into()) }
+}
+
+/// A cardinal direction.
+#[cfg_attr(test, derive(Arbitrary))]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug, Default)] pub enum Split {
+    North, South, East, West, Above, #[default] Below
+}
+
+pub const fn east <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::East.half(a, b)
+}
+pub const fn north <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::North.half(a, b)
+}
+pub const fn west <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::West.half(a, b)
+}
+pub const fn south <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::South.half(a, b)
+}
+pub const fn above <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::Above.half(a, b)
+}
+pub const fn below <T: Screen> (a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    Split::Below.half(a, b)
+}
+impl Split {
+    /// ```
+    /// use tengri::draw::Split::*;
+    /// let _ = Above.bsp((), ());
+    /// let _ = Below.bsp((), ());
+    /// let _ = North.bsp((), ());
+    /// let _ = South.bsp((), ());
+    /// let _ = East.bsp((), ());
+    /// let _ = West.bsp((), ());
+    /// ```
+    pub const fn half <T: Screen> (&self, a: impl Draw<T>, b: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+        thunk(move|to: &mut T|{
+            let (area_a, area_b) = to.xywh().split_half(self);
+            let (origin_a, origin_b) = self.origins();
+            match self {
+                Self::Below => {
+                    to.place(&origin_b.align(b), Some(area_b));
+                    to.place(&origin_a.align(a), Some(area_b));
+                },
+                _ => {
+                    to.place(&origin_a.align(a), Some(area_a));
+                    to.place(&origin_b.align(b), Some(area_a));
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(to.xywh()) // FIXME: compute and return actually used area
+        })
+    }
+    /// Newly split areas begin at the center of the split
+    /// to maintain centeredness in the user's field of view.
+    ///
+    /// Use [align] to override that and always start
+    /// at the top, bottom, etc.
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// /*
+    ///
+    ///  Split east:   Split south:
+    ///  |    |    |   |    A    |
+    ///  | <-A|B-> |   |---------|
+    ///  |    |    |   |    B    |
+    ///
+    /// */
+    /// ```
+    const fn origins (&self) -> (Origin, Origin) {
+        use Origin::*;
+        match self {
+            Self::South => (S, N),
+            Self::East  => (E, W),
+            Self::North => (N, S),
+            Self::West  => (W, E),
+            Self::Above    => (C, C),
+            Self::Below  => (C, C),
+        }
+    }
+    /// Iterate over a collection of renderables:
+    ///
+    /// ```
+    /// use tengri::draw::{Origin::*, Split::*};
+    /// let _ = Below.iter([
+    ///   NW.align(W(15).max(W(10).min("Leftbar"))),
+    ///   NE.align(W(12).max(W(10).min("Rightbar"))),
+    ///   Center.align(W(40).max(H(20.max("Center"))))
+    /// ].iter(), |x|x);
+    /// ```
+    pub fn iter <T: Screen, U: Draw<T>, F: Fn(U)->dyn Draw<T>> (
+        _items: impl Iterator<Item = U>, _cb: F
+    ) -> impl Draw<T> {
+        thunk(move|_to: &mut T|{ todo!() })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Horizontal axis.
+pub trait X<N: Coord> {
+    fn x (&self) -> N;
+    fn w (&self) -> N { N::zero() }
+    fn w_min (&self) -> N { self.w() }
+    fn w_max (&self) -> N { self.w() }
+    fn iter_x (&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = N> where Self: HasOrigin {
+        self.x_west()..self.x_east()
+    }
+    fn x_west (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin {
+        use Origin::*;
+        let w = self.w();
+        let a = self.origin();
+        let d = match a { NW|W|SW => 0.into(), N|X|C|Y|S => w/2.into(), NE|E|SE => w };
+        self.x().minus(d)
+    }
+    fn x_east (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin {
+        use Origin::*;
+        let w = self.w();
+        let a = self.origin();
+        let d = match a { NW|W|SW => w, N|X|C|Y|S => w/2.into(), NE|E|SE => 0.into() };
+        self.x().plus(d)
+    }
+    fn x_center (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+pub const fn x_push <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+pub const fn x_pull <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+pub const fn w_max <T: Screen> (w: Option<T::Unit>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_max(w, None, a)
+}
+pub const fn w_min <T: Screen> (w: Option<T::Unit>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_min(w, None, a)
+}
+pub const fn w_exact <T: Screen> (w: T::Unit, c: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_exact(Some(w), None, c)
+}
+/// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let padded = tengri::W(3).pad("Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn w_pad <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, draw: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+
+pub trait Y<N: Coord> {
+    fn y (&self) -> N;
+    fn h (&self) -> N { N::zero() }
+    fn h_min (&self) -> N { self.h() }
+    fn h_max (&self) -> N { self.h() }
+    fn iter_y (&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = N> where Self: HasOrigin {
+        self.y_north()..self.y_south()
+    }
+    fn y_north (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin {
+        let a = self.origin();
+        let h = self.h();
+        use Origin::*;
+        let d = match a { NW|N|NE => 0.into(), W|X|C|Y|E => h/2.into(), SW|S|SE => h };
+        self.y().minus(d)
+    }
+    fn y_south (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin  {
+        let a = self.origin();
+        let h = self.h();
+        use Origin::*;
+        let d = match a { NW|N|NE => h, W|X|C|Y|E => h/2.into(), SW|S|SE => 0.into() };
+        self.y().plus(d)
+    }
+    fn y_center (&self) -> N where Self: HasOrigin {
+        todo!()
+    }
+}
+pub const fn y_push <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+pub const fn y_pull <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+pub const fn h_max <T: Screen> (h: Option<T::Unit>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_max(None, h, a)
+}
+pub const fn h_min <T: Screen> (h: Option<T::Unit>, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_min(None, h, a)
+}
+pub const fn h_exact <T: Screen> (h: T::Unit, c: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    wh_exact(None, Some(h), c)
+}
+/// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let padded = tengri::W::pad(3, "Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn h_pad <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, draw: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+
+pub trait Space<N: Coord>: X<N> + Y<N> {
+    fn xywh (&self) -> XYWH<N> { XYWH(self.x(), self.y(), self.w(), self.h()) }
+    // FIXME: factor origin
+    fn lrtb (&self) -> [N;4] { [self.x(), self.y(), self.x()+self.w(), self.y()+self.h()] }
+}
+impl<N: Coord, T: X<N> + Y<N>> Space<N> for T {}
+pub const fn xy_push <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, y: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+pub const fn xy_pull <T: Screen> (x: T::Unit, y: T::Unit, a: impl Draw<T>) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    a
+}
+/// Shrink drawing area symmetrically.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let padded = tengri::WH(3, 5).pad("Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn wh_pad <T: Screen> (w: T::Unit, h: T::Unit, draw: impl Draw<T>)
+    -> impl Draw<T>
+{
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+/// Only draw content if area is above a certain size.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let min = tengri::wh_min(3, 5, "Hello"); // 5x5
+/// ```
+pub const fn wh_min <T: Screen> (w: Option<T::Unit>, h: Option<T::Unit>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
+    -> impl Draw<T>
+{
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+
+/// Set the maximum width and/or height of the content.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let max = tengri::wh_max(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn wh_max <T: Screen> (w: Option<T::Unit>, h: Option<T::Unit>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
+    -> impl Draw<T>
+{
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+
+/// Set the maximum width and/or height of the content.
+///
+/// ```
+/// let exact = tengri::wh_exact(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn wh_exact <T: Screen> (w: Option<T::Unit>, h: Option<T::Unit>, draw: impl Draw<T>)
+    -> impl Draw<T>
+{
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
+
+/// Limit size of drawing area
+/// ```
+/// let clipped = tengri::wh_clip(Some(3), Some(5), "Hello");
+/// ```
+pub const fn wh_clip <T: Screen> (
+    w: Option<T::Unit>, h: Option<T::Unit>, draw: impl Draw<T>
+) -> impl Draw<T> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut T|draw.draw(todo!()))
+}
diff --git a/src/term.rs b/src/term.rs
index 809ec2c..d0a92e6 100644
--- a/src/term.rs
+++ b/src/term.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-use crate::{*, lang::*, play::*, draw::{*, Split::*}, color::*, text::*};
+use crate::{*, lang::*, play::*, draw::*, space::{*, Split::*}, color::*, text::*};
 use unicode_width::{UnicodeWidthStr, UnicodeWidthChar};
 use rand::distributions::uniform::UniformSampler;
 use ::{
     std::{
         io::{stdout, Write},
-        time::Duration
+        time::Duration,
+        ops::{Deref, DerefMut},
     },
     better_panic::{Settings, Verbosity},
     ratatui::{
@@ -20,25 +21,36 @@ use ::{
         event::{poll, read, Event, KeyEvent, KeyCode, KeyModifiers, KeyEventKind, KeyEventState},
     }
 };
-
 pub struct Tui(pub Buffer, pub XYWH<u16>);
-impl Screen for Tui { type Unit = u16; }
-impl HasX<u16> for Tui { fn x (&self) -> X<u16> { self.1.x() } }
-impl HasY<u16> for Tui { fn y (&self) -> Y<u16> { self.1.y() } }
-impl HasW<u16> for Tui { fn w (&self) -> W<u16> { self.1.w() } }
-impl HasH<u16> for Tui { fn h (&self) -> H<u16> { self.1.h() } }
+impl Screen    for Tui { type Unit = u16; }
+impl Deref     for Tui { type Target = Buffer; fn deref (&self) -> &Buffer { &self.0 } }
+impl DerefMut  for Tui { fn deref_mut (&mut self) -> &mut Buffer { &mut self.0 } }
 impl HasOrigin for Tui { fn origin (&self) -> Origin { Origin::NW } }
-impl AsRef<Buffer> for Tui { fn as_ref (&self) -> &Buffer { &self.0 } }
-impl AsMut<Buffer> for Tui { fn as_mut (&mut self) -> &mut Buffer { &mut self.0 } }
-impl AsRef<XYWH<u16>> for Tui { fn as_ref (&self) -> &XYWH<u16> { &self.0 } }
-impl AsMut<XYWH<u16>> for Tui { fn as_mut (&mut self) -> &mut XYWH<u16> { &mut self.0 } }
+impl X<u16> for Tui {
+    fn x (&self) -> u16 { self.1.0 }
+    fn w (&self) -> u16 { self.1.2 }
+}
+impl Y<u16> for Tui {
+    fn y (&self) -> u16 { self.1.1 }
+    fn h (&self) -> u16 { self.1.3 }
+}
 impl Tui {
-    fn update (&mut self, callback: &impl Fn(&mut Cell, u16, u16)) -> WH<u16> {
-        tui_update(self.0, self.1, callback);
-        self.1.wh()
+    fn update (&mut self, callback: &impl Fn(&mut Cell, u16, u16)) -> XYWH<u16> {
+        for row in 0..self.h() {
+            let y = self.y() + row;
+            for col in 0..self.w() {
+                let x = self.x() + col;
+                if x < self.0.area.width && y < self.0.area.height {
+                    if let Some(cell) = self.0.cell_mut(Position { x, y }) {
+                        callback(cell, col, row);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        self.xywh()
     }
     fn tint_all (&mut self, fg: Color, bg: Color, modifier: Modifier) {
-        for cell in self.buffer().content.iter_mut() {
+        for cell in self.0.content.iter_mut() {
             cell.fg = fg;
             cell.bg = bg;
             cell.modifier = modifier;
@@ -47,9 +59,8 @@ impl Tui {
     fn blit (&mut self, text: &impl AsRef<str>, x: u16, y: u16, style: Option<Style>) {
         let text = text.as_ref();
         let style = style.unwrap_or(Style::default());
-        let buf = self.buffer();
-        if x < buf.area.width && y < buf.area.height {
-            buf.set_string(x, y, text, style);
+        if x < self.0.area.width && y < self.0.area.height {
+            self.0.set_string(x, y, text, style);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -73,7 +84,7 @@ pub const fn fg_bg (fg: Color, bg: Color, draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui
         draw.draw(to)
     })
 }
-pub const fn fill_char (c: char) {
+pub const fn fill_char (c: char) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
     thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|Ok(to.update(&|cell,_,_|{
         cell.set_char(c);
     })))
@@ -85,33 +96,31 @@ pub const fn modify (on: bool, modifier: Modifier, draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl
         draw.draw(to)
     })
 }
-pub const fn fill_mod (on: bool, modifier: Modifier) {
-    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|{
+pub const fn fill_mod (on: bool, modifier: Modifier) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|Ok({
         if on {
             to.update(&|cell,_,_|cell.modifier.insert(modifier))
         } else {
             to.update(&|cell,_,_|cell.modifier.remove(modifier))
         }
-    })
+    }))
 }
 /// Draw contents with bold modifier applied.
 pub const fn bold (on: bool, draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
     modify(on, Modifier::BOLD, draw)
 }
-pub const fn fill_ul (on: bool, color: Option<Color>) {
-    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|{
-        if on {
-            to.update(&|cell,_,_|{
-                cell.modifier.insert(Modifier::UNDERLINED);
-                cell.underline_color = color;
-            })
-        } else {
-            to.update(&|cell,_,_|&|cell,_,_|{
-                cell.modifier.remove(Modifier::UNDERLINED);
-                cell.underline_color = Reset;
-            })
-        }
-    })
+pub const fn fill_ul (color: Option<Color>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|Ok(if let Some(color) = color {
+        to.update(&|cell,_,_|{
+            cell.modifier.insert(Modifier::UNDERLINED);
+            cell.underline_color = color;
+        })
+    } else {
+        to.update(&|cell,_,_|{
+            cell.modifier.remove(Modifier::UNDERLINED);
+            cell.underline_color = Reset;
+        })
+    }))
 }
 
 /// TUI works in u16 coordinates.
@@ -122,24 +131,24 @@ impl Coord for u16 {
 }
 
 impl Draw<Tui> for u64 {
-    fn draw (&self, _to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> { todo!() }
+    fn draw (&self, _to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> { todo!() }
 }
 impl Draw<Tui> for f64 {
-    fn draw (&self, _to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> { todo!() }
+    fn draw (&self, _to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> { todo!() }
 }
 impl Draw<Tui> for &str {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
-        let XYWH(x, y, w, ..) = to.centered_xy([width_chars_max(to.w(), self), 1]);
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+        let XYWH(x, y, w, ..) = to.1.centered_xy([width_chars_max(to.w(), self), 1]);
         to.text(&self, x, y, w)
     }
 }
 impl Draw<Tui> for String {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
         self.as_str().draw(to)
     }
 }
 impl Draw<Tui> for Arc<str> {
-    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
+    fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
         self.as_ref().draw(to)
     }
 }
@@ -150,11 +159,11 @@ mod phat {
     pub const HI: &'static str = "▀";
     /// A phat line
     pub fn lo (fg: Color, bg: Color) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-        H::exact(1, fg_bg(fg, bg, x_repeat(self::phat::LO)))
+        h_exact(1, fg_bg(fg, bg, x_repeat(self::phat::LO)))
     }
     /// A phat line
     pub fn hi (fg: Color, bg: Color) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-        H::exact(1, fg_bg(fg, bg, x_repeat(self::phat::HI)))
+        h_exact(1, fg_bg(fg, bg, x_repeat(self::phat::HI)))
     }
 }
 
@@ -173,7 +182,7 @@ pub const fn x_repeat (c: &str) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
                 cell.set_symbol(&c);
             }
         }
-        Ok(WH(w, 1))
+        Ok(XYWH(x, y, w, 1))
     })
 }
 
@@ -185,7 +194,7 @@ pub const fn y_repeat (c: &str) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
                 cell.set_symbol(&c);
             }
         }
-        Ok(WH(1, h))
+        Ok(XYWH(x, y, 1, h))
     })
 }
 
@@ -201,7 +210,7 @@ pub const fn xy_repeat (c: &str) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
                 }
             }
         }
-        Ok(WH(w, h))
+        Ok(XYWH(x, y, w, h))
     })
 }
 
@@ -252,8 +261,8 @@ macro_rules! border {
         #[derive(Copy, Clone)] pub struct $T(pub bool, pub Style);
         //impl Layout<Tui> for $T {}
         impl Draw<Tui> for $T {
-            fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
-                when(self.enabled(), |to: &mut Tui|BorderStyle::draw(self, to)).draw(to)
+            fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+                when(self.enabled(), thunk(|to: &mut Tui|BorderStyle::draw(self, to))).draw(to)
             }
         }
     )+}
@@ -376,36 +385,26 @@ pub trait BorderStyle: Draw<Tui> + Copy {
     fn border_sw (&self) -> &str { Self::SW }
     fn border_se (&self) -> &str { Self::SE }
 
-    fn enclose (self, w: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-        below(WH::fill(border(self.enabled(), self)), w)
-    }
-    fn enclose2 (self, w: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-        below(WH::pad(1, 1, WH::fill(border(self.enabled(), self))), w)
-    }
-    fn enclose_bg (self, w: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-        Tui::bg(self.style().unwrap().bg.unwrap_or(Color::Reset),
-            below(WH::fill(border(self.enabled(), self)), w))
-    }
-    #[inline] fn draw <'a> (&self, to: &mut impl Draw<Tui>) -> Usually<()> {
+    #[inline] fn draw <'a> (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
         if self.enabled() {
             self.draw_h(to, None)?;
             self.draw_v(to, None)?;
             self.draw_c(to, None)?;
         }
-        Ok(())
+        Ok(to.1)
     }
-    #[inline] fn draw_h (&self, to: &mut impl Draw<Tui>, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
-        let area = to.area();
+    #[inline] fn draw_h (&self, to: &mut Tui, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
         let style = style.or_else(||self.style_horizontal());
-        let [x, x2, y, y2] = area.lrtb();
-        for x in x..x2.saturating_sub(1) {
-            to.blit(&Self::N, x, y, style);
-            to.blit(&Self::S, x, y2.saturating_sub(1), style)
+        let y1 = to.y_north();
+        let y2 = to.y_south().saturating_sub(1);
+        for x in to.x_west()..to.x_east().saturating_sub(1) {
+            to.blit(&Self::N, x, y1, style);
+            to.blit(&Self::S, x, y2, style)
         }
-        Ok(area)
+        Ok(to.xywh())
     }
-    #[inline] fn draw_v (&self, to: &mut impl Draw<Tui>, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
-        let area = to.area();
+    #[inline] fn draw_v (&self, to: &mut Tui, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+        let area = to.1;
         let style = style.or_else(||self.style_vertical());
         let [x, x2, y, y2] = area.lrtb();
         let h = y2 - y;
@@ -420,8 +419,8 @@ pub trait BorderStyle: Draw<Tui> + Copy {
         }
         Ok(area)
     }
-    #[inline] fn draw_c (&self, to: &mut impl Draw<Tui>, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
-        let area = to.area();
+    #[inline] fn draw_c (&self, to: &mut Tui, style: Option<Style>) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+        let area = to.1;
         let style = style.or_else(||self.style_corners());
         let XYWH(x, y, w, h) = area;
         if w > 1 && h > 1 {
@@ -457,28 +456,26 @@ pub trait BorderStyle: Draw<Tui> + Copy {
 /// ```
 /// /// TODO
 /// ```
-pub fn phat <T, N: Coord> (w: N, h: N, [fg, bg, hi, lo]: [Color;4], draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-    let top = W::exact(1, self::phat::lo(bg, hi));
-    let low = W::exact(1, self::phat::hi(bg, lo));
+pub fn phat (w: u16, h: u16, [fg, bg, hi, lo]: [Color;4], draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    let top = w_exact(1, self::phat::lo(bg, hi));
+    let low = w_exact(1, self::phat::hi(bg, lo));
     let draw = fg_bg(fg, bg, draw);
-    WH::min(w, h, south(top, north(low, WH::fill(draw))))
+    wh_min(Some(w), Some(h), south(top, north(low, draw)))
 }
 
-fn x_scroll () {
-    |to: &mut Tui|{
-        let XYWH(x1, y1, w, h) = to.area();
-        let mut buf = to.buffer.write().unwrap();
-        let x2 = x1 + w;
-        for (i, x) in (x1..=x2).enumerate() {
-            if let Some(cell) = buf.cell_mut(Position::from((x, y1))) {
+fn x_scroll () -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    thunk(|Tui(buf, XYWH(x1, y1, w, h)): &mut Tui|{
+        let x2 = *x1 + *w;
+        for (i, x) in (*x1..=x2).enumerate() {
+            if let Some(cell) = buf.cell_mut(Position::from((x, *y1))) {
                 if i < (self::scroll::ICON_DEC_H.len()) {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Rgb(0, 0, 0));
                     cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_DEC_H[i as usize]);
-                } else if i > (w as usize - self::scroll::ICON_INC_H.len()) {
+                } else if i > (*w as usize - self::scroll::ICON_INC_H.len()) {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Rgb(0, 0, 0));
-                    cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_INC_H[w as usize - i]);
+                    cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_INC_H[*w as usize - i]);
                 } else if false {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Reset);
@@ -490,24 +487,23 @@ fn x_scroll () {
                 }
             }
         }
-    }
+        Ok(XYWH(*x1, *y1, *w, 1))
+    })
 }
 
-fn y_scroll () {
-    |to: &mut Tui|{
-        let XYWH(x1, y1, w, h) = to.area();
-        let mut buf = to.buffer.write().unwrap();
-        let y2 = y1 + h;
-        for (i, y) in (y1..=y2).enumerate() {
-            if let Some(cell) = buf.cell_mut(Position::from((x1, y))) {
+fn y_scroll () -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    thunk(|Tui(buf, XYWH(x1, y1, w, h)): &mut Tui|{
+        let y2 = *y1 + *h;
+        for (i, y) in (*y1..=y2).enumerate() {
+            if let Some(cell) = buf.cell_mut(Position::from((*x1, y))) {
                 if (i as usize) < (self::scroll::ICON_DEC_V.len()) {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Rgb(0, 0, 0));
                     cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_DEC_V[i as usize]);
-                } else if (i as usize) > (h as usize - self::scroll::ICON_INC_V.len()) {
+                } else if (i as usize) > (*h as usize - self::scroll::ICON_INC_V.len()) {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Rgb(0, 0, 0));
-                    cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_INC_V[h as usize - i]);
+                    cell.set_char(self::scroll::ICON_INC_V[*h as usize - i]);
                 } else if false {
                     cell.set_fg(Rgb(255, 255, 255));
                     cell.set_bg(Reset);
@@ -519,11 +515,12 @@ fn y_scroll () {
                 }
             }
         }
-    }
+        Ok(XYWH(*x1, *y1, 1, *h))
+    })
 }
 
 /// Spawn the TUI output thread which writes colored characters to the terminal.
-pub fn tui_output <W: Write, T: Draw<Tui> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
+pub fn tui_output <W: Write + Send + Sync, T: Draw<Tui> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
     output: W,
     exited: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
     state:  &Arc<RwLock<T>>,
@@ -532,11 +529,11 @@ pub fn tui_output <W: Write, T: Draw<Tui> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
     let state = state.clone();
     tui_setup(&mut output)?;
     let mut backend = CrosstermBackend::new(output);
-    let WH(width, height) = tui_wh(&mut backend);
+    let Size { width, height } = backend.size().expect("get size failed");
     let mut buffer_a = Buffer::empty(Rect { x: 0, y: 0, width, height });
     let mut buffer_b = Buffer::empty(Rect { x: 0, y: 0, width, height });
     Thread::new_sleep(exited.clone(), sleep, move |perf| {
-        let size = tui_wh(&mut backend);
+        let size = backend.size().expect("get size failed");
         if let Ok(state) = state.try_read() {
             tui_resize(&mut backend, &mut buffer_a, size);
             buffer_a = tui_redraw(&mut backend, &mut buffer_a, &mut buffer_b);
@@ -546,7 +543,7 @@ pub fn tui_output <W: Write, T: Draw<Tui> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
     })
 }
 
-pub fn tui_setup (output: &mut impl Write) -> Usually<()> {
+pub fn tui_setup <T: Write + Send + Sync> (output: &mut T) -> Usually<()> {
     let better_panic_handler = Settings::auto().verbosity(Verbosity::Full).create_panic_handler();
     std::panic::set_hook(Box::new(move |info: &std::panic::PanicHookInfo|{
         output.execute(LeaveAlternateScreen).unwrap();
@@ -561,10 +558,10 @@ pub fn tui_setup (output: &mut impl Write) -> Usually<()> {
 
 pub fn tui_resize <W: Write> (
     backend: &mut CrosstermBackend<W>,
-    buffer:  &mut Tui,
-    size:    WH<u16>
+    buffer:  &mut Buffer,
+    size:    XYWH<u16>
 ) {
-    if buffer.area != size {
+    if buffer.1 != size {
         backend.clear_region(ClearType::All).unwrap();
         buffer.resize(size);
         buffer.reset();
@@ -591,24 +588,8 @@ pub fn tui_teardown <W: Write> (backend: &mut CrosstermBackend<W>) -> Usually<()
 }
 
 pub fn tui_update (
-    buf: &mut Tui, area: XYWH<u16>, callback: &impl Fn(&mut Cell, u16, u16)
+    Tui(buf, ..): &mut Tui, area: XYWH<u16>, callback: &impl Fn(&mut Cell, u16, u16)
 ) {
-    for row in 0..area.h().0 {
-        let y = area.y().0 + row;
-        for col in 0..area.w().0 {
-            let x = area.x() + col;
-            if x < buf.area.width && y < buf.area.height {
-                if let Some(cell) = buf.cell_mut(Position { x, y }) {
-                    callback(cell, col, row);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn tui_wh <W: Write> (backend: &mut CrosstermBackend<W>) -> WH<u16> {
-    let Size { width, height } = backend.size().expect("get size failed");
-    WH(width, height)
 }
 
 /// Draw border around shrinked item.
@@ -617,25 +598,26 @@ pub(crate) fn tui_wh <W: Write> (backend: &mut CrosstermBackend<W>) -> WH<u16> {
 /// /// TODO
 /// ```
 pub const fn border <T, S: BorderStyle> (on: bool, style: S, draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-    let content = pad(Some(1), Some(1), draw);
-    let outline = when(on, |to: &mut Tui|{
-        let area = to.area();
-        if area.w() > 0 && area.y() > 0 {
-            to.blit(&style.border_nw(), area.x(), area.y(), style.style());
-            to.blit(&style.border_ne(), area.x() + area.w() - 1, area.y(), style.style());
-            to.blit(&style.border_sw(), area.x(), area.y() + area.h() - 1, style.style());
-            to.blit(&style.border_se(), area.x() + area.w() - 1, area.y() + area.h() - 1, style.style());
-            for x in area.x()+1..area.x()+area.w()-1 {
-                to.blit(&style.border_n(), x, area.y(), style.style());
-                to.blit(&style.border_s(), x, area.y() + area.h() - 1, style.style());
+    let content = wh_pad(1, 1, draw);
+    let outline = when(on, thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|{
+        let XYWH(x, y, w, h) = to.1;
+        if w > 0 && h > 0 {
+            to.blit(&style.border_nw(), x, y, style.style());
+            to.blit(&style.border_ne(), x + w - 1, y, style.style());
+            to.blit(&style.border_sw(), x, y + h - 1, style.style());
+            to.blit(&style.border_se(), x + w - 1, y + h - 1, style.style());
+            for x in x+1..x+w-1 {
+                to.blit(&style.border_n(), x, y, style.style());
+                to.blit(&style.border_s(), x, y + h - 1, style.style());
             }
-            for y in area.y()+1..area.y()+area.h()-1 {
-                to.blit(&style.border_w(), area.x(), y, style.style());
-                to.blit(&style.border_e(), area.x() + area.w() - 1, y, style.style());
+            for y in y+1..y+h-1 {
+                to.blit(&style.border_w(), x, y, style.style());
+                to.blit(&style.border_e(), x + w - 1, y, style.style());
             }
         }
-    });
-    Above.split(outline, content)
+        Ok(XYWH(x, y, w, h))
+    }));
+    above(outline, content)
 }
 
 /// Draw TUI content or its error message.
@@ -645,16 +627,15 @@ pub const fn border <T, S: BorderStyle> (on: bool, style: S, draw: impl Draw<Tui
 /// let _ = tengri::tui::catcher(Ok(None));
 /// let _ = tengri::tui::catcher(Err("draw fail".into()));
 /// ```
-pub fn catcher <T, E> (error: Usually<E>, draw: impl Draw<Tui>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
-    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|match error.as_ref() {
-        Ok(Some(content)) => draw(to),
-        Ok(None) => to.blit(&"<empty>", 0, 0, Some(Style::default().yellow())),
+pub fn catcher <T: Draw<Tui>> (result: Usually<T>) -> impl Draw<Tui> {
+    thunk(move|to: &mut Tui|match result.as_ref() {
+        Ok(content) => content.draw(to),
         Err(e) => {
-            let err_fg = rgb(255,224,244);
-            let err_bg = rgb(96, 24, 24);
+            let err_fg = Color::Rgb(255,224,244);
+            let err_bg = Color::Rgb(96, 24, 24);
             let title  = east(bold(true, "upsi daisy. "), "rendering failed.");
             let error  = east("\"why?\" ", bold(true, format!("{e}")));
-            &fg(err_fg, bg(err_bg, south(title, error)))(to)
+            fg(err_fg, bg(err_bg, south(title, error))).draw(to)
         }
     })
 }
@@ -730,8 +711,8 @@ pub fn tui_input <T: Do<TuiEvent, T> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
 
             // Handle all other events by the state:
             _ => {
-                let event = TuiEvent::from_crossterm(event);
-                if let Err(e) = state.write().unwrap().handle(&event) {
+                let event = TuiEvent(TuiKey::from_crossterm(event));
+                if let Err(e) = state.write().unwrap().apply(&event) {
                     panic!("{e}")
                 }
             }
@@ -742,17 +723,8 @@ pub fn tui_input <T: Do<TuiEvent, T> + Send + Sync + 'static> (
 /// TUI input loop event.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct TuiEvent(pub Event);
-
 impl_from!(TuiEvent: |e: Event| TuiEvent(e));
 impl_from!(TuiEvent: |c: char|  TuiEvent(Event::Key(KeyEvent::new(KeyCode::Char(c), KeyModifiers::NONE))));
-
-impl TuiEvent {
-    #[cfg(feature = "lang")]
-    pub fn from_dsl (dsl: impl Language) -> Usually<Self> {
-        Ok(TuiKey::from_dsl(dsl)?.to_crossterm().map(Self))
-    }
-}
-
 impl Ord for TuiEvent {
     fn cmp (&self, other: &Self) -> std::cmp::Ordering {
         self.partial_cmp(other)
@@ -763,11 +735,8 @@ impl Ord for TuiEvent {
 /// TUI key spec.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
 pub struct TuiKey(pub Option<KeyCode>, pub KeyModifiers);
-
 impl TuiKey {
-
     const SPLIT: char = '/';
-
     pub fn to_crossterm (&self) -> Option<Event> {
         self.0.map(|code|Event::Key(KeyEvent {
             code,
@@ -776,7 +745,6 @@ impl TuiKey {
             state: KeyEventState::NONE,
         }))
     }
-
     pub fn named (token: &str) -> Option<KeyCode> {
         use KeyCode::*;
         Some(match token {
@@ -820,5 +788,4 @@ impl TuiKey {
             _ => return None,
         })
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/src/text.rs b/src/text.rs
index d0a72a9..7fcf86f 100644
--- a/src/text.rs
+++ b/src/text.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,62 @@
-use crate::{Usually, draw::{Draw, WH}};
+use crate::{Usually, draw::Draw, space::*};
 pub(crate) use ::unicode_width::*;
 
-/// Displays an owned [str]-like with fixed maximum width.
-///
-/// Width is computed using [unicode_width].
-pub struct TrimString<T: AsRef<str>>(pub u16, pub T);
+#[cfg(feature = "term")] mod impl_term {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::term::Tui;
+    use ratatui::prelude::Position;
 
-/// Displays a borrowed [str]-like with fixed maximum width
-///
-/// Width is computed using [unicode_width].
-pub struct TrimStringRef<'a, T: AsRef<str>>(pub u16, pub &'a T);
+    impl Draw<Tui> for str {
+        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> { todo!() }
+    }
 
-impl<'a, T: AsRef<str>> TrimString<T> {
-    fn to_ref (&self) -> TrimStringRef<'_, T> { TrimStringRef(self.0, &self.1) }
+    impl<T: AsRef<str>> Draw<Tui> for TrimString<T> {
+        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> { self.as_ref().draw(to) }
+    }
+
+    impl<T: AsRef<str>> Draw<Tui> for TrimStringRef<'_, T> {
+        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+            let XYWH(x, y, w, ..) = to.1;
+            let mut width: u16 = 1;
+            let mut chars = self.1.as_ref().chars();
+            while let Some(c) = chars.next() {
+                if width > self.0 || width > w {
+                    break
+                }
+                let pos = Position { x: x + width - 1, y };
+                if let Some(cell) = to.0.cell_mut(pos) {
+                    cell.set_char(c);
+                }
+                width += c.width().unwrap_or(0) as u16;
+            }
+            let XYWH(x, y, w, ..) = XYWH(to.x(), to.y(), to.w().min(self.0).min(self.1.as_ref().width() as u16), to.h());
+            to.text(&self.as_ref(), x, y, w)
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Tui {
+        /// Write a line of text
+        ///
+        /// TODO: do a paragraph (handle newlines)
+        pub fn text (&mut self, text: &impl AsRef<str>, x0: u16, y: u16, max_width: u16) -> Usually<XYWH<u16>> {
+            let text = text.as_ref();
+            let mut string_width: u16 = 0;
+            for character in text.chars() {
+                let x = x0 + string_width;
+                let character_width = character.width().unwrap_or(0) as u16;
+                string_width += character_width;
+                if string_width > max_width {
+                    break
+                }
+                if let Some(cell) = self.0.cell_mut(ratatui::prelude::Position { x, y }) {
+                    cell.set_char(character);
+                } else {
+                    break
+                }
+            }
+            Ok(XYWH(x0, y, string_width, 1))
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Trim string with [unicode_width].
@@ -31,6 +75,23 @@ pub fn trim_string (max_width: usize, input: impl AsRef<str>) -> String {
     return output.into_iter().collect()
 }
 
+/// Displays an owned [str]-like with fixed maximum width.
+///
+/// Width is computed using [unicode_width].
+pub struct TrimString<T: AsRef<str>>(pub u16, pub T);
+impl<T: AsRef<str>> AsRef<str> for TrimString<T> { fn as_ref (&self) -> &str { self.1.as_ref() } }
+impl<'a, T: AsRef<str>> TrimString<T> {
+    fn to_ref (&self) -> TrimStringRef<'_, T> { TrimStringRef(self.0, &self.1) }
+}
+
+/// Displays a borrowed [str]-like with fixed maximum width
+///
+/// Width is computed using [unicode_width].
+pub struct TrimStringRef<'a, T: AsRef<str>>(pub u16, pub &'a T);
+impl<T: AsRef<str>> AsRef<str> for TrimStringRef<'_, T> {
+    fn as_ref (&self) -> &str { self.1.as_ref() }
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn width_chars_max (max: u16, text: impl AsRef<str>) -> u16 {
     let mut width: u16 = 0;
     let mut chars = text.as_ref().chars();
@@ -42,64 +103,3 @@ pub(crate) fn width_chars_max (max: u16, text: impl AsRef<str>) -> u16 {
     }
     return width
 }
-
-#[cfg(feature = "term")] mod impl_term {
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::draw::XYWH;
-    use crate::term::Tui;
-    use ratatui::prelude::Position;
-
-    impl Draw<Tui> for str {
-        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> { todo!() }
-    }
-
-    impl<T: AsRef<str>> Draw<Tui> for TrimString<T> {
-        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> { self.as_ref().draw(to) }
-    }
-
-    impl<T: AsRef<str>> Draw<Tui> for TrimStringRef<'_, T> {
-        fn draw (&self, to: &mut Tui) -> Usually<WH<u16>> {
-            let area = to.area();
-            let mut width: u16 = 1;
-            let mut chars = self.1.as_ref().chars();
-            while let Some(c) = chars.next() {
-                if width > self.0 || width > area.w() {
-                    break
-                }
-                let x = area.x() + width - 1;
-                let y = area.y();
-                let pos = Position { x, y };
-                if let Some(cell) = to.cell_mut(pos) {
-                    cell.set_char(c);
-                }
-                width += c.width().unwrap_or(0) as u16;
-            }
-            let XYWH(x, y, w, ..) = XYWH(to.x(), to.y(), to.w().min(self.0).min(self.1.as_ref().width() as u16), to.h());
-            to.text(&self, x, y, w)
-        }
-    }
-
-    impl Tui {
-        /// Write a line of text
-        ///
-        /// TODO: do a paragraph (handle newlines)
-        fn text (&mut self, text: &impl AsRef<str>, x0: u16, y: u16, max_width: u16) {
-            let text = text.as_ref();
-            let buf = self.buffer();
-            let mut string_width: u16 = 0;
-            for character in text.chars() {
-                let x = x0 + string_width;
-                let character_width = character.width().unwrap_or(0) as u16;
-                string_width += character_width;
-                if string_width > max_width {
-                    break
-                }
-                if let Some(cell) = buf.write().unwrap().cell_mut(ratatui::prelude::Position { x, y }) {
-                    cell.set_char(character);
-                } else {
-                    break
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}